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19-3250; Rev 1; 10/08
15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP
General Description
The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE are +2.5V to +5.5V powered EIA/TIA-232 and V.28/V.24 communications interfaces with low power requirements, high datarate capabilities, and enhanced electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection, in a chip-scale package (UCSPTM) and WLP package. All transmitter outputs and receiver inputs are protected to 15kV using IEC 1000-4-2 AirGap Discharge, 8kV using IEC 1000-4-2 Contact Discharge, and 15kV using the Human Body Model. The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE achieve a 1A supply current with Maxim's AutoShutdownTM feature. They save power without changing the existing BIOS or operating systems by entering low-power shutdown mode when the RS-232 cable is disconnected, or when the transmitters of the connected peripherals are off. The transceivers have a proprietary low-dropout transmitter output stage, delivering RS-232-compliant performance from a +3.1V to +5.5V supply, and RS-232compatible performance with a supply voltage as low as +2.5V. The dual charge pump requires only four, small 0.1F capacitors for operation from a +3.0V supply. Each device is guaranteed to run at data rates of 250kbps while maintaining RS-232 output levels. The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE offer a separate power-supply input for the logic interface, allowing configurable logic levels on the receiver outputs and transmitter inputs. Operating over a +1.65V to VCC range, VL provides the MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE compatibility with multiple logic families. The MAX3231E/AE contains one receiver and one transmitter. The MAX3230E/AE contains two receivers and two transmitters. The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE are available in tiny chip-scale and WLP packaging and are specified across the extended industrial (-40C to +85C) temperature range.
Features
6 x 5 Chip-Scale Package (UCSP) and WLP Package ESD Protection for RS-232 I/O Pins 15kV--IEC 1000-4-2 Air-Gap Discharge 8kV--IEC 1000-4-2 Contact Discharge 15kV--Human Body Model 1A Low-Power AutoShutdown 250kbps Guaranteed Data Rate Meet EIA/TIA-232 Specifications Down to +3.1V RS-232 Compatible to +2.5V Allows Operation from Single Li+ Cell Small 0.1F Capacitors Configurable Logic Levels
MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
Ordering Information
PART MAX3230EEBV-T MAX3230AEEWV+-T MAX3231EEBV-T MAX3231AEEWV+-T TEMP RANGE -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C BUMP-PACKAGE 6 x 5 UCSP 6 x 5 WLP 6 x 5 UCSP 6 x 5 WLP
+Denotes a lead-free/RoHS-compliant package. T = Tape-and-reel.
Typical Operating Circuits
2.5V TO 5.5V 1.65V TO 5.5V 0.1F CBYPASS 0.1F C1 C1 0.1F D1 A2 C2 0.1F A3 C1+ C1C2+ C2VL T1OUT VL B6 T2IN VL D6 R1OUT R1IN E6 T2OUT E4 E3 RS-232 OUTPUTS A1 VCC A5 VL V+ B1 C3 0.1F A4 C4 0.1F
MAX3230E/AE
V-
A6 T1IN
Applications
Personal Digital Assistants Cell-Phone Data Lump Cables Set-Top Boxes Handheld Devices Cell Phones
TTL/CMOS INPUTS
TTL/CMOS OUTPUTS C6 R2OUT
VL
5k R2IN E5
RS-232 INPUTS
5k
Typical Operating Circuits continued at end of data sheet. Pin Configurations appear at end of data sheet. UCSP is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. AutoShutdown is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
B5 FORCEON GND E1 INVALID E2 FORCEOFF C5
TO POWERMANAGEMENT UNIT VL
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VCC to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +6.0V V+ to GND .............................................................-0.3V to +7.0V V- to GND ..............................................................+0.3V to -7.0V V+ to |V-| (Note 1) ................................................................+13V VL to GND..............................................................-0.3V to +6.0V Input Voltages T_IN_, FORCEON, FORCEOFF to GND .....-0.3V to (VL + 0.3V) R_IN_ to GND ...................................................................25V Output Voltages T_OUT to GND ...............................................................13.2V R_OUT INVALID to GND ............................-0.3V to (VL + 0.3V) INVALID to GND.........................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Short-Circuit Duration T_OUT to GND........................Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 6 5 UCSP (derate 10.1mW/C above +70C) ...........805mW 6 5 WLP (derate 20mW/C above +70C).....................1.6W Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Bump Temperature (soldering) Infrared (15s) ...............................................................+200C Vapor Phase (20s) .......................................................+215C
Note 1: V+ and V- can have maximum magnitudes of 7V, but their absolute difference cannot exceed 13V.
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +2.5V to +5.5V, VL = +1.65V to +5.5V, C1-C4 = 0.1F, tested at +3.3V 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX. Typical values are at TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER DC CHARACTERISTICS VL Input Voltage Range VCC Supply Current, AutoShutdown VL FORCEON = GND FORCEOFF = VL, all RIN open FORCEOFF = GND FORCEON, FORCEOFF = VL VCC Supply Current, AutoShutdown Disabled VL Supply Current LOGIC INPUTS Input-Logic Low Input-Logic High Transmitter Input Hysteresis Input Leakage Current RECEIVER OUTPUTS Output Leakage Currents Output-Voltage Low Output-Voltage High R_OUT, receivers disabled, FORCEOFF = GND or in AutoShutdown IOUT = 0.8mA IOUT = -0.5mA VL - 0.4 VL - 0.1 10 0.4 A V V T_IN, FORCEON, FORCEOFF T_IN, FORCEON, FORCEOFF T_IN, FORCEON, FORCEOFF 0.66 VL 0.5 0.01 1 0.4 V V V A ICC T_IN, IL FORCEON = FORCEOFF = VL, no load FORCEON or FORCEOFF = GND or VL, VCC = VL = +5V, no receivers switching 0.3 1 1.65 VCC + 0.3 10 10 1 1 mA mA A V A SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
ICC
2
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC = +2.5V to +5.5V, VL = +1.65V to +5.5V, C1-C4 = 0.1F, tested at +3.3V 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX. Typical values are at TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER RECEIVER INPUTS Input Voltage Range Input-Threshold Low Input-Threshold High Input Hysteresis Input Resistance AUTOMATIC SHUTDOWN Receiver Input Threshold to INVALID Output High Receiver Input Threshold to INVALID Output Low Receiver Positive or Negative Threshold to INVALID High Receiver Positive or Negative Threshold to INVALID Low Receiver Edge to Transmitters Enabled INVALID OUTPUT Output-Voltage Low Output-Voltage High TRANSMITTER OUTPUTS VCC Mode Switch Point (VCC Falling) VCC Mode Switch Point (VCC Rising) VCC Mode Switch-Point Hysteresis All transmitter outputs loaded with 3k to ground VCC = +3.1V to +5.5V, VCC falling, TA = +25C VCC = +2.5V to +3.1V, VCC rising 5 3.7 300 10M 60 T_OUT = 12V, transmitters disabled Human Body Model R_IN, T_OUT IEC 1000-4-2 Air-Gap Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 Contact Discharge 15 15 8 kV 25 mA A T_OUT = 5.0V to 3.7V T_OUT = 3.7V to 5.0V 2.85 3.3 400 5.4 V 3.10 3.7 V V mV IOUT = 0.8mA IOUT = -0.5mA VCC - 0.4 0.4 VCC - 0.1 V V tINVH tINVL tWU VCC = +5.0V, Figure 3b VCC = +5.0V, Figure 3b VCC = +5.0V, Figure 3b Figure 3a Positive threshold Negative threshold -2.7 -0.3 1 30 100 +0.3 2.7 V V s s s 3 TA = +25C TA = +25C VCC = +3.3V VCC = +5.0V VCC = +3.3V VCC = +5.0V -25 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.7 1.3 1.8 0.5 5 7 2.4 2.4 +25 V V V V k SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
Output Voltage Swing
Output Resistance Output Short-Circuit Current Output Leakage Current ESD PROTECTION
VCC = V+ = V- = 0, T_OUT = 2V
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +2.5V to +5.5V, VL = +1.65V to +5.5V, C1-C4 = 0.1F, tested at +3.3V 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX. Typical values are at TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER Maximum Data Rate Receiver Propagation Delay Receiver-Output Enable Time Receiver-Output Disable Time Transmitter Skew Receiver Skew Transition-Region Slew Rate | tPHL - tPLH | | tPHL - tPLH | RL = 3k to 7k, CL = 150pF to 1000pF, TA = +25C 6 SYMBOL CONDITIONS RL = 3k, CL = 1000pF, one transmitter switching Receiver input to receiver output, CL = 150pF VCC = VL = +5V VCC = VL = +5V MIN 250 0.15 200 200 100 50 30 TYP MAX UNITS kbps s ns ns ns ns V/s
Note 2: VCC must be greater than VL.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VCC = +3.3V, 250kbps data rate, 0.1F capacitors, all transmitters loaded with 3k and CL, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE
MAX3230E/30AE/31E/31AE toc01
SLEW RATE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE
MAX3230E/30AE/31E/31AE toc02
OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE (MAX3231E)
OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 20kbps 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 250kbps
MAX3230E/30AE/31E/31AE toc03
6 VCC RISING TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 VOL VOH
30 25 SLEW RATE (V/s) 20 15 10 5 0 VCC = 2.5V VCC = 5.5V
20
3000
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)
4
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = +3.3V, 250kbps data rate, 0.1F capacitors, all transmitters loaded with 3k and CL, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (MAX3231E)
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
MAX3230E/30AE/31E/31AE toc04
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VCC RISING)
MAX3230E/30AE/31E/31AE toc05
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VCC FALLING)
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 VOL VOH
MAX3230E/30AE/31E/31AE toc06
20 OPERATING SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 VOL VOH
10
5.5
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Pin Description
BUMP MAX3230E/ MAX3231E/ MAX3230AE MAX3231AE A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6, B6 B1 B2, B3, B4, C2, C3, C4, D2-D5 B5 C1 C5 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 B1 B2, B3, B4, C2, C3, C4, D2-D5 B5 C1 C5 NAME VCC C2+ C2VVL T_IN V+ FUNCTION Supply Voltage. +2.5V to +5.5V supply voltage. Inverting Charge-Pump Capacitor Positive Terminal Inverting Charge-Pump Capacitor Negative Terminal Negative Charge-Pump Output. -5.5V/-4.0V generated by charge pump. Logic Voltage Input. Logic-level input for receiver outputs and transmitter inputs. Connect VL to the system-logic supply voltage or VCC if no logic supply is required. Transmitter Input(s) Positive Charge-Pump Output. +5.5V/+4.0V generated by charge pump. If charge pump is generating +4.0V, the device has switched from RS-232-compliant to RS-232compatible mode. No Connection. The MAX3230E/MAX3231E are not populated with solder bumps at these locations. The MAX3230AE/MAX3231AE are populated with electrically isolated solder bumps at these locations. Active High FORCEON Input. Drive FORCEON high to override automatic circuitry, keeping transmitters and charge pumps on. Positive Regulated Charge-Pump Capacitor Positive Terminal Active-Low FORCEOFF Input. Drive FORCEOFF low to shut down transmitters, receivers, and on-board charge pump. This overrides all automatic circuitry and FORCEON.
N.C.
FORCEON C1+ FORCEOFF
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
Pin Description (continued)
BUMP MAX3230E/ MAX3231E/ MAX3230AE MAX3231AE C6, D6 D1 E1 E2 E3, E4 E5, E6 -- C6 D1 E1 E2 E3 E5 B6, D6, E4, E6 NAME R_OUT C1GND INVALID T_OUT R_IN N.C. Receiver Output(s) Positive Regulated Charge-Pump Capacitor Negative Terminal Ground Valid Signal-Detector Output. Output INVALID is enabled low if no valid RS-232 level is present on any receiver input. RS-232 Transmitter Output(s) RS-232 Receiver Input(s) No Connection. These locations are populated with solder bumps, but are electrically isolated. FUNCTION
Detailed Description
Dual ModeTM Regulated Charge-Pump Voltage Converter
The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE internal power supply consists of a dual-mode regulated charge pump. For supply voltages above +3.7V, the charge pump generates +5.5V at V+ and -5.5V at V-. The charge pumps operate in a discontinuous mode. If the output voltages are less than 5.5V, the charge pumps are enabled. If the output voltages exceed 5.5V, the charge pumps are disabled. For supply voltages below +2.85V, the charge pump generates +4.0V at V+ and -4.0V at V-. The charge pumps operate in a discontinuous mode. If the output voltages are less than 4.0V, the charge pumps are enabled. If the output voltages exceed 4.0V, the charge pumps are disabled. Each charge pump requires a flying capacitor (C1, C2) and a reservoir capacitor (C3, C4) to generate the V+ and V- supply voltages.
in regulation until the battery voltage drops below +3.1V. The output regulation points then change to 4.0V. When VCC is rising, the charge pump generates an output voltage of 4.0V, while VCC is between +2.5V and +3.5V. When VCC rises above the switchover voltage of +3.5V, the charge pump switches modes to generate an output of 5.5V. Table 1 shows different supply schemes and their operating voltage ranges.
RS-232 Transmitters
The transmitters are inverting level translators that convert CMOS logic levels to RS-232 levels. The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE automatically reduce the RS-232-compliant levels (5.5V) to RS-232-compatible levels (4.0V) when VCC falls below approximately +3.1V. The reduced levels also reduce supply-current requirements, extending battery life. Built-in hysteresis of approximately 400mV for VCC ensures that the RS-
Voltage Generation in the Switchover Region
The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE include a switchover circuit between these two modes that have approximately 400mV of hysteresis around the switchover point. The hysteresis is shown in Figure 1. This large hysteresis eliminates mode changes due to power-supply bounce. For example, a three-cell NiMh battery system starts at VCC = +3.6V, and the charge pump generates an output voltage of 5.5V. As the battery discharges, the MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE maintain the outputs
Dual Mode is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
6
VCC
4V
0 V+ 6V
0 20ms/div
Figure 1. V+ Switchover for Changing VCC
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
Table 1. Operating Supply Options
SYSTEM SUPPLY (V) 1 Li+ Cell 3 NiCad/NiMh Cells Regulated Voltage Only (VCC falling) Regulated Voltage Only (VCC falling) VCC (V) +2.4 to +4.2 +2.4 to +3.8 +3.0 to +5.5 +2.5 to +3.0 VL (V) Regulated system voltage Regulated system voltage +3.0 to +5.5 +2.5 to +3.0 RS-232 MODE Compliant/Compatible Compliant/Compatible Compliant Compatible
Table 2. Output Control Truth Table
TRANSCEIVER STATUS Shutdown (AutoShutdown) Shutdown (Forced Off) Normal Operation (Forced On) Normal Operation (AutoShutdown) FORCEON Low X High Low FORCEOFF High Low High High RECEIVER STATUS High impedance High impedance Active Active INVALID Low High
X = Don't care. = INVALID output state is determined by R_IN input levels.
232 output levels do not change if VCC is noisy or has a sudden current draw causing the supply voltage to drop slightly. The outputs return to RS-232-compliant levels (5.5V) when VCC rises above approximately +3.5V. The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE transmitters guarantee a 250kbps data rate with worst-case loads of 3k in parallel with 1000pF. When FORCEOFF is driven to ground, the transmitters and receivers are disabled and the outputs become high impedance. When the AutoShutdown circuitry senses that all receiver and transmitter inputs are inactive for more than 30s, the transmitters are disabled and the outputs go to a high-impedance state. When the power is off, the MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE permit the transmitter outputs to be driven up to 12V. The transmitter inputs do not have pullup resistors. Connect unused inputs to GND or VL.
signal levels have been detected on any receiver inputs. INVALID is functional in any mode (Figures 2 and 3).
AutoShutdown
The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE achieve a 1A supply current with Maxim's AutoShutdown feature, which operates when FORCEON is low and FORCEOFF is high. When these devices sense no valid signal levels on all receiver inputs for 30s, the on-board charge pump and drivers are shut off, reducing VCC supply current to 1A. This occurs if the RS-232 cable is disconnected or the connected peripheral transmitters are turned off. The device turns on again when a valid level is applied to any RS-232 receiver input. As a result, the system saves power without changes to the existing BIOS or operating system. Table 2 and Figure 2c summarize the MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE operating modes. FORCEON and FORCEOFF override AutoShutdown. When neither control is asserted, the IC selects between these states automatically, based on receiver input levels. Figures 2a, 2b, and 3a depict valid and invalid RS-232-receiver levels. Figures 3a and 3b show the input levels and timing diagram for AutoShutdown operation. A system with AutoShutdown can require time to wake up. Figure 4 shows a circuit that forces the transmitters on for 100ms, allowing enough time for the other system to realize that the MAX3230E/AE and
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RS-232 Receivers
The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE receivers convert RS-232 signals to logic-output levels. All receivers have inverting tri-state outputs and can be active or inactive. In shutdown (FORCEOFF = low) or in AutoShutdown, the MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE receivers are in a high-impedance state (Table 2). The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE feature an INVALID output that is enabled low when no valid RS-232
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
+0.3V TO MAX323 _E POWER SUPPLY AND TRANSMITTERS INVALID FORCEON INVALID TRANSMITTERS ARE DISABLED, REDUCING SUPPLY CURRENT TO 1A IF ALL RECEIVER INPUTS ARE BETWEEN +0.3V AND -0.3V FOR AT LEAST 30s. INVALID IS AN INTERNALLY GENERATED SIGNAL THAT IS USED BY THE AutoShutdown LOGIC AND APPEARS AS AN OUTPUT OF THE DEVICE. POWER DOWN IS ONLY AN INTERNAL SIGNAL. IT CONTROLS THE OPERATIONAL STATUS OF THE TRANSMITTERS AND THE POWER SUPPLIES. FORCEOFF POWER DOWN
R_IN
VCC
-0.3V
30s COUNTER R
Figure 2a. MAX323_E Entering 1A Supply Mode with AutoShutdown
+2.7V TO MAX323 _E POWER SUPPLY INVALID
Figure 2c. MAX323_E AutoShutdown Logic
R_IN
-2.7V
30s COUNTER R
microcontroller (C) then drives FORCEOFF and FORCEON like a SHDN input. INVALID can be used to alert the C to indicate serial data activity.
15kV ESD Protection
As with all Maxim devices, ESD-protection structures are incorporated on all pins to protect against electrostatic discharges encountered during handling and assembly. The driver outputs and receiver inputs of the MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE have extra protection against static electricity. Maxim's engineers have developed state-of-the-art structures to protect these pins against ESD of 15kV without damage. The ESD structures withstand high ESD in all states: normal operation, shutdown, and power-down. After an ESD event, Maxim's E-versions keep working without latchup, whereas competing RS-232 products can latch and must be powered down to remove latchup. ESD protection can be tested in various ways; the transmitter outputs and receiver inputs of this product family are characterized for protection to the following limits: 1) 15kV using the Human Body Model 2) 8kV using the Contact Discharge method specified in IEC 1000-4-2 3) 15kV using the IEC 1000-4-2 Air-Gap method
TRANSMITTERS ARE ENABLED IF: ANY RECEIVER INPUT IS GREATER THAN +2.7V OR LESS THAN -2.7V. ANY RECEIVER INPUT HAS BEEN BETWEEN +0.3V AND -0.3V FOR LESS THAN 30s.
Figure 2b. MAX323_E with Transmitters Enabled Using AutoShutdown
MAX3231E/AE are active. If the other system transmits valid RS-232 signals within that time, the RS-232 ports on both systems remain enabled. When shut down, the device's charge pumps are off, V+ is pulled to VCC, V- is pulled to ground, and the transmitter outputs are high impedance. The time required to exit shutdown is typically 100s (Figure 3b).
VL Logic Supply Input Unlike other RS-232 interface devices, where the receiver outputs swing between 0 and VCC, the MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE feature a separate logic supply input (VL) that sets VOH for the receiver outputs. The transmitter inputs (T_IN), FORCEON, and FORCEOFF, are also referred to VL. This feature allows maximum flexibility in interfacing to different systems and logic levels. Connect VL to the system's logic supply voltage (+1.65V to +5.5V), and bypass it with a 0.1F capacitor to GND. If the logic supply is the same as VCC, connect VL to VCC. Always enable VCC before enabling the VL supply. VCC must be greater than or equal to the VL supply. Software-Controlled Shutdown
If direct software control is desired, connect FORCEOFF and FORCEON together to disable AutoShutdown. The
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ESD Test Conditions ESD performance depends on a variety of conditions. Contact Maxim for a reliability report that documents test setup, test methodology, and test results. Human Body Model Figure 5a shows the Human Body Model. Figure 5b shows the current waveform it generates when discharged into a low impedance. This model consists of a 100pF capacitor charged to the ESD voltage of interest,
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP
which is then discharged into the test device through a 1.5k resistor.
TRANSMITTERS ENABLED, INVALID HIGH RECEIVER INPUT LEVELS +2.7V INDETERMINATE +0.3V 0 -0.3V INDETERMINATE -2.7V TRANSMITTERS ENABLED, INVALID HIGH AutoShutdown, TRANSMITTERS DISABLED, 1A SUPPLY CURRENT, INVALID LOW
MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
a)
RECEIVER INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
INVALID REGION
IEC 1000-4-2 The IEC 1000-4-2 standard covers ESD testing and performance of finished equipment. It does not specifically refer to ICs. The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE aid in designing equipment that meets Level 4 (the highest level) of IEC 1000-4-2, without the need for additional ESD-protection components. The major difference between tests done using the Human Body Model and IEC 1000-4-2 is a higher peak current in IEC 1000-4-2, because series resistance is lower in the IEC 1000-4-2 model. Hence, the ESD withstands voltage measured to IEC 1000-4-2 and is generally lower than that measured using the Human Body Model. Figure 6a shows the IEC 1000-4-2 model, and Figure 6b shows the current waveform for the 8kV IEC 1000-4-2 Level 4 ESD Contact Discharge test.
The Air-Gap test involves approaching the device with a charged probe. The Contact Discharge method connects the probe to the device before the probe is energized.
VCC INVALID OUTPUT (V) 0
tINVL
tINVH tWU
V+ VCC 0 V-
Machine Model The Machine Model for ESD tests all pins using a 200pF storage capacitor and zero discharge resistance. Its objective is to emulate the stress caused by contact that occurs with handling and assembly during manufacturing. Of course, all pins require this protection during manufacturing, not just RS-232 inputs and outputs. Therefore, after PC board assembly, the Machine Model is less relevant to I/O ports.
b)
Applications Information
Capacitor Selection
The capacitor type used for C1-C4 is not critical for proper operation; either polarized or nonpolarized capacitors can be used. However, ceramic chip capacitors with an X7R or X5R dielectric work best. The charge pump requires 0.1F capacitors for 3.3V operation. For other supply voltages, see Table 3 for required capacitor values. Do not use values smaller than those listed in Table 3. Increasing the capacitor values (e.g., by a factor of 2) reduces ripple on the transmitter outputs and slightly reduces power consumption. C2, C3, and C4 can be increased without changing the vaue of C1. Caution: Do not increase C1 without also increasing the values of C2, C3, and C4 to maintain the proper ratios (C1 to the other capacitors). When using the minimum required capacitor values, make sure the capacitor value does not degrade excessively with temperature. If in doubt, use capacitors with
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Figure 3. AutoShutdown Trip Levels
POWERMANAGEMENT UNIT
MASTER SHDN LINE 0.1F 1M
FORCEOFF FORCEON
MAX3230E/AE MAX3231E/AE
Figure 4. AutoShutdown with Initial Turn-On to Wake Up a Mouse or Another System
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
RC 1M CHARGE-CURRENTLIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE RD 1500 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST
I PEAK I 100% 90%
Cs 100pF
STORAGE CAPACITOR
10%
Figure 5a. Human Body ESD Test Models
t r = 0.7ns to 1ns
30ns 60ns
t
IP 100% 90% AMPERES 36.8% 10% 0 0 tRL TIME
Ir
PEAK-TO-PEAK RINGING (NOT DRAWN TO SCALE)
Figure 6b. IEC 1000-4-2 ESD Generator Current Waveform
Table 3. Required Capacitor Values
VCC (V) 2.5 to 3.0 3.0 to 3.6 4.5 to 5.5 3.0 to 5.5
tDL CURRENT WAVEFORM
C1, CBYPASS (F) 0.22 0.1 0.047 0.22
C2, C3, C4 (F) 0.22 0.1 0.33 1
Figure 5b. Human Body Model Current Waveform
RC 50M TO 100M CHARGE-CURRENTLIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE
RD 330 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST
supply noise, use a capacitor of the same value as the charge-pump capacitor C1. Connect bypass capacitors as close to the IC as possible.
Transmitter Outputs when Exiting Shutdown
Figure 7 shows a transmitter output when exiting shutdown mode. The transmitter is loaded with 3k in parallel with 1000pF. The transmitter output displays no ringing or undesirable transients as it comes out of shutdown, and is enabled only when the magnitude of V- exceeds approximately -3V.
Cs 150pF
STORAGE CAPACITOR
High Data Rates
Figure 6a. IEC 1000-4-2 ESD Test Model
a larger nominal value. The capacitor's equivalent series resistance (ESR) usually rises at low temperatures and influences the amount of ripple on V+ and V-.
Power-Supply Decoupling
In most circumstances, a 0.1F VCC bypass capacitor is adequate. In applications that are sensitive to power-
The MAX3230E/AE and MAX3231E/AE maintain the RS-232 5.0V minimum transmitter output voltage even at high data rates. Figure 8 shows a transmitter loopback test circuit. Figure 9 shows a loopback test result at 120kbps, and Figure 10 shows the same test at 250kbps. For Figure 9, the transmitter was driven at 120kbps into an RS-232 load in parallel with 1000pF. For Figure 10, a single transmitter was driven at 250kbps and loaded with an RS-232 receiver in parallel with 1000pF.
10
______________________________________________________________________________________
15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
5V/div FORCEON = FORCEOFF 0 T_IN 5V 0 5V T_OUT 0 -5V 2V/div T_OUT 0 R_OUT 4s/div 5V 0
4s/div
Figure 7. Transmitter Outputs Exiting Shutdown or Powering Up
Figure 9. Loopback Test Result at 120kbps
VCC 0.1F C1+ C1 C1C2+ C2 C2T1IN VL R1OUT VL VCC
VL 0.1F
5V T_IN 0
VL
V+ C3
5V T_OUT 0 -5V 5V
MAX3231E/AE
VC4
T1OUT 1000pF R1IN
R_OUT
0
4s/div
5k
Figure 10. Loopback Test Result at 250kbps
TO POWERMANAGEMENT UNIT VL
INVALID FORCEON GND FORCEOFF
Figure 8. Transmitter Loopback Test Circuit
UCSP Applications Information
For the latest application details on UCSP construction, dimensions, tape carrier information, PC board techniques, bump-pad layout, and recommended reflow temperature profile, as well as the latest information on reliability testing results, refer to the Application Note UCSP--A Wafer-Level Chip-Scale Package available on Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com/ucsp. TRANSISTOR COUNT: 698 PROCESS: CMOS
Chip Information
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
Typical Operating Circuits (continued)
2.5V TO 5.5V 1.65V TO 5.5V CBYPASS 0.1F A1 C1 C1 0.1F D1 A2 C2 0.1F A3 C1+ C1C2+ C2VL T1OUT VL C6 R1OUT R1IN E5 E3 RS-232 VCC A5 VL V+ B1 C3 0.1F A4 C4 0.1F 0.1F
MAX3231E/AE
V-
A6 T1IN TTL/CMOS
5k TO POWERMANAGEMENT UNIT VL
INVALID
E2
B5 FORCEON GND E1
FORCEOFF C5
12
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15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP
Pin Configurations
TOP VIEW
MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
A
VCC
C2+
C2-
V-
VL
T1IN
B
V+
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
FON
T2IN
C
C1+
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
FOFF
R2OUT
D
C1-
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
R1OUT
E
GND
INV
T1OUT
T2OUT
R2IN
R1IN
1
2
3
4
5
6 FON = FORCEON FOFF = FORCEOFF INV = INVALID
MAX3230E/AE
______________________________________________________________________________________
13
15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
Pin Configurations (continued)
TOP VIEW
A
VCC
C2+
C2-
V-
VL
T1IN
B
V+
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
FON
N.C.
C
C1+
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
FOFF
R1OUT
D
C1-
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
E
GND
INV
T1OUT
N.C.
R1IN
N.C.
1
2
3
4
5
6 FON = FORCEON FOFF = FORCEOFF INV = INVALID
MAX3231E/AE
14
______________________________________________________________________________________
15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. PACKAGE TYPE 6 x 5 UCSP 6 x 5 WLP PACKAGE CODE B30-2 W302A3-2 DOCUMENT NO. 21-0123 21-0016
MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
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15
15kV ESD-Protected +2.5V to +5.5V RS-232 Transceivers in UCSP and WLP MAX3230E/MAX3230AE/MAX3231E/MAX3231AE
Revision History
REVISION NUMBER 0 1 REVISION DATE 5/04 10/08 Initial release Addition of lead-free and WLP packaging DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED -- 1, 5, 6, 7, 15
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
16 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2008 Maxim Integrated Products is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

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